Difference between revisions of "Ip"
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- https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/networking_guide/sec-configure_802_1q_vlan_tagging_using_the_command_line | - https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/networking_guide/sec-configure_802_1q_vlan_tagging_using_the_command_line | ||
| + | SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | ||
``` | ``` | ||
| − | |||
addr Display IP Addresses and property information | addr Display IP Addresses and property information | ||
(abbreviation of address) | (abbreviation of address) | ||
ip addr | ip addr | ||
Show information for all addresses | Show information for all addresses | ||
| − | ip addr show dev | + | ip addr show dev eth0 |
Display information only for device em1 | Display information only for device em1 | ||
link Manage and display the state of all network | link Manage and display the state of all network | ||
| Line 21: | Line 21: | ||
ip link | ip link | ||
Show information for all interfaces | Show information for all interfaces | ||
| − | ip link show dev | + | ip link show dev eth0 |
Display information only for device em1 | Display information only for device em1 | ||
ip -s link | ip -s link | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
ip maddr | ip maddr | ||
Display multicast information for all devices | Display multicast information for all devices | ||
| − | ip maddr show dev | + | ip maddr show dev eth0 |
Display multicast information for device em1 | Display multicast information for device em1 | ||
neigh Show neighbour objects; also known as the ARP | neigh Show neighbour objects; also known as the ARP | ||
| Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
ip neigh | ip neigh | ||
Display neighbour objects | Display neighbour objects | ||
| − | ip neigh show dev | + | ip neigh show dev eth0 |
| − | Show the ARP cache for device | + | Show the ARP cache for device eth0 |
help Display a list of commands and arguments for | help Display a list of commands and arguments for | ||
each subcommand | each subcommand | ||
| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
ip neigh help | ip neigh help | ||
Display neighbour commands and arguments | Display neighbour commands and arguments | ||
| + | ``` | ||
| + | |||
MULTICAST ADDRESSING | MULTICAST ADDRESSING | ||
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | ||
| + | ``` | ||
maddr add Add a static link-layer multicast address | maddr add Add a static link-layer multicast address | ||
| − | ip maddr add 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev | + | ip maddr add 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0 |
| − | Add mutlicast address 33:33:00:00:00:01 to | + | Add mutlicast address 33:33:00:00:00:01 to eth0 |
maddr del Delete a multicast address | maddr del Delete a multicast address | ||
| − | ip maddr del 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev | + | ip maddr del 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0 |
| − | Delete address 33:33:00:00:00:01 from | + | Delete address 33:33:00:00:00:01 from eth0 |
| + | ``` | ||
| + | |||
MODIFYING ADDRESS AND LINK PROPERTIES | MODIFYING ADDRESS AND LINK PROPERTIES | ||
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | ||
| + | ``` | ||
addr add Add an address | addr add Add an address | ||
| − | ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev | + | ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 |
| − | Add address 192.168.1.1 with netmask 24 to device | + | Add address 192.168.1.1 with netmask 24 to device eth0 |
addr del Delete an address | addr del Delete an address | ||
| − | ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev | + | ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 |
| − | Remove address 192.168.1.1/24 from device | + | Remove address 192.168.1.1/24 from device eth0 |
link set Alter the status of the interface | link set Alter the status of the interface | ||
| − | ip link set | + | ip link set eth0 up |
| − | Bring | + | Bring eth0 online |
| − | ip link set | + | ip link set eth0 down |
| − | Bring | + | Bring eth0 offline |
| − | ip link set | + | ip link set eth0 mtu 9000 |
| − | Set the MTU on | + | Set the MTU on eth0 to 9000 |
| − | ip link set | + | ip link set eth0 promisc on |
| − | Enable promiscuous mode for | + | Enable promiscuous mode for eth0 |
| + | ``` | ||
| + | |||
ADJUSTING AND VIEWING ROUTES | ADJUSTING AND VIEWING ROUTES | ||
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | ||
| + | ``` | ||
route add Add an entry to the routing table | route add Add an entry to the routing table | ||
| − | ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev | + | ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 |
Add a default route (for all addresses) via the local gateway | Add a default route (for all addresses) via the local gateway | ||
| − | 192.168.1.1 that can be reached on device | + | 192.168.1.1 that can be reached on device eth0 |
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 | ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 | ||
Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1 | Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1 | ||
| − | ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev | + | ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 |
Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 that can be reached on | Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 that can be reached on | ||
| − | device | + | device eth0 |
route delete Delete a routing table entry | route delete Delete a routing table entry | ||
ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 | ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 | ||
| Line 90: | Line 99: | ||
192.168.1.1 | 192.168.1.1 | ||
route replace Replace, or add if not defined, a route | route replace Replace, or add if not defined, a route | ||
| − | ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev | + | ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 |
Replace the defined route for 192.168.1.0/24 to use | Replace the defined route for 192.168.1.0/24 to use | ||
| − | device | + | device eth0 |
route get Display the route an address will take | route get Display the route an address will take | ||
ip route get 192.168.1.5 | ip route get 192.168.1.5 | ||
Display the route taken for IP 192.168.1.5 | Display the route taken for IP 192.168.1.5 | ||
| + | ``` | ||
| + | |||
MANAGING THE ARP TABLE | MANAGING THE ARP TABLE | ||
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | ||
| + | ``` | ||
neigh add Add an entry to the ARP Table | neigh add Add an entry to the ARP Table | ||
| − | ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev | + | ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0 |
| − | Add address 192.168.1.1 with MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 to | + | Add address 192.168.1.1 with MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 to eth0 |
neigh del Invalidate an entry | neigh del Invalidate an entry | ||
| − | ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev | + | ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 |
| − | Invalidate the entry for 192.168.1.1 on | + | Invalidate the entry for 192.168.1.1 on eth0 |
neigh replace Replace, or adds if not defined, an entry to the ARP table | neigh replace Replace, or adds if not defined, an entry to the ARP table | ||
| − | ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev | + | ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0 |
Replace the entry for address 192.168.1.1 to use MAC | Replace the entry for address 192.168.1.1 to use MAC | ||
1:2:3:4:5:6 on em1 | 1:2:3:4:5:6 on em1 | ||
| + | ``` | ||
| + | |||
COMPARING NET-TOOLS VS. IPROUTE PACKAGE COMMANDS | COMPARING NET-TOOLS VS. IPROUTE PACKAGE COMMANDS | ||
NET-TOOLS COMMANDS IPROUTE COMMANDS | NET-TOOLS COMMANDS IPROUTE COMMANDS | ||
| + | ``` | ||
arp -a ip neigh | arp -a ip neigh | ||
arp -v ip -s neigh | arp -v ip -s neigh | ||
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Copyright © 2014 Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, and JBoss are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., | Copyright © 2014 Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, and JBoss are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., | ||
registered in the U.S. and other countries. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries. | registered in the U.S. and other countries. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries. | ||
| + | ``` | ||
| + | |||
USEFUL NETWORKING COMMANDS (NOT NECESSARILY PROVIDED FROM IPROUTE) | USEFUL NETWORKING COMMANDS (NOT NECESSARILY PROVIDED FROM IPROUTE) | ||
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS | ||
| + | ``` | ||
arping Send ARP request to a neighbour host | arping Send ARP request to a neighbour host | ||
arping -I eth0 192.168.1.1 | arping -I eth0 192.168.1.1 | ||
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ss -p | ss -p | ||
Show process using the socket | Show process using the socket | ||
| − | |||
``` | ``` | ||
Latest revision as of 04:23, 22 March 2020
iproute2 and other ip resources on linux
Sites
- https://access.redhat.com/sites/default/files/attachments/rh_ip_command_cheatsheet_1214_jcs_print.pdf
- https://raymii.org/s/tutorials/KVM_with_bonding_and_VLAN_tagging_setup_on_Ubuntu_12.04.html#Set_up_network_bridge_for_VLAN
- https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/VLAN#Create_the_VLAN_device
- https://wiki.ubuntu.com/vlan
- https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Network_Model
- https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/networking_guide/sec-configure_802_1q_vlan_tagging_using_the_command_line
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
addr Display IP Addresses and property information (abbreviation of address) ip addr Show information for all addresses ip addr show dev eth0 Display information only for device em1 link Manage and display the state of all network interfaces ip link Show information for all interfaces ip link show dev eth0 Display information only for device em1 ip -s link Display interface statistics route Display and alter the routing table ip route List all of the route entries in the kernel maddr Manage and display multicast IP addresses ip maddr Display multicast information for all devices ip maddr show dev eth0 Display multicast information for device em1 neigh Show neighbour objects; also known as the ARP table for IPv4 ip neigh Display neighbour objects ip neigh show dev eth0 Show the ARP cache for device eth0 help Display a list of commands and arguments for each subcommand ip help Display ip commands and arguments ip addr help Display address commands and arguments ip link help Display link commands and arguments ip neigh help Display neighbour commands and arguments
MULTICAST ADDRESSING SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
maddr add Add a static link-layer multicast address ip maddr add 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0 Add mutlicast address 33:33:00:00:00:01 to eth0 maddr del Delete a multicast address ip maddr del 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0 Delete address 33:33:00:00:00:01 from eth0
MODIFYING ADDRESS AND LINK PROPERTIES SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
addr add Add an address ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 Add address 192.168.1.1 with netmask 24 to device eth0 addr del Delete an address ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 Remove address 192.168.1.1/24 from device eth0 link set Alter the status of the interface ip link set eth0 up Bring eth0 online ip link set eth0 down Bring eth0 offline ip link set eth0 mtu 9000 Set the MTU on eth0 to 9000 ip link set eth0 promisc on Enable promiscuous mode for eth0
ADJUSTING AND VIEWING ROUTES SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
route add Add an entry to the routing table ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 Add a default route (for all addresses) via the local gateway 192.168.1.1 that can be reached on device eth0 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 that can be reached on device eth0 route delete Delete a routing table entry ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1 Delete the route for 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1 route replace Replace, or add if not defined, a route ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 Replace the defined route for 192.168.1.0/24 to use device eth0 route get Display the route an address will take ip route get 192.168.1.5 Display the route taken for IP 192.168.1.5
MANAGING THE ARP TABLE SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
neigh add Add an entry to the ARP Table ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0 Add address 192.168.1.1 with MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 to eth0 neigh del Invalidate an entry ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 Invalidate the entry for 192.168.1.1 on eth0 neigh replace Replace, or adds if not defined, an entry to the ARP table ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0 Replace the entry for address 192.168.1.1 to use MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 on em1
COMPARING NET-TOOLS VS. IPROUTE PACKAGE COMMANDS NET-TOOLS COMMANDS IPROUTE COMMANDS
arp -a ip neigh arp -v ip -s neigh arp -s 192.168.1.1 1:2:3:4:5:6 ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth1 arp -i eth1 -d 192.168.1.1 ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth1 ifconfig -a ip addr ifconfig eth0 down ip link set eth0 down ifconfig eth0 up ip link set eth0 up ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 ifconfig eth0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0 ifconfig eth0 mtu 9000 ip link set eth0 mtu 9000 ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.2 ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev eth0 netstat ss netstat -neopa ss -neopa netstat -g ip maddr route ip route route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 route add default gw 192.168.1.1 ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 12/14 Copyright © 2014 Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, and JBoss are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.
USEFUL NETWORKING COMMANDS (NOT NECESSARILY PROVIDED FROM IPROUTE) SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
arping Send ARP request to a neighbour host arping -I eth0 192.168.1.1 Send ARP request to 192.168.1.1 via interface eth0 arping -D -I eth0 192.168.1.1 Check for duplicate MAC addresses at 192.168.1.1 on eth0 ethtool Query or control network driver and hardware settings ethtool -g eth0 Display ring buffer for eth0 ethtool -i eth0 Display driver information for eth0 ethtool -p eth0 Identify eth0 by sight, typically by causing LEDs to blink on the network port ethtool -S eth0 Display network and driver statistics for eth0 ss Display socket statistics. The below options can be combined ss -a Show all sockets (listening and non-listening) ss -e Show detailed socket information ss -o Show timer information ss -n Do not resolve addresses ss -p Show process using the socket
change portchannel 2 settings to 802.1q
conf t int port-chan 2 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 101-104 switchport mode trunk end Here you can manually add it without downtime or you can make it permanent and restart networking
ip link add name bond1.101 link bond1 type vlan id 101 ip addr add 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set dev bond1.101 up Make it permanent on network restart
auto bond1.101
iface bond1.101 inet manual
iface bond1.101 inet static
address 10.1.1.11
netmask 255.255.255.0
vlan_raw_device bond0
systemctl restart networking
ip route add 10.0.0.0/16 via 10.0.1.1 dev bond0
ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 10.1.1.1 dev bond1.101
manual
ip link add name bond1.101 link bond1 type vlan id 101 ip addr add 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set dev bond1.101 up
down
ip link del name bond1.101 link bond1 type vlan id 101
ip link del dev bond1.101 ip addr del 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set dev bond1.101 down
vconfig add bond1 101 ip addr add 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set up bond1.101
DEVICE=eth1.10 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.10.1 PREFIX=24 NETWORK=192.168.10.0 VLAN=yes
systemctl restart network
cat /proc/net/vlan/config