Difference between revisions of "Ip"

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- https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/networking_guide/sec-configure_802_1q_vlan_tagging_using_the_command_line
 
- https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/networking_guide/sec-configure_802_1q_vlan_tagging_using_the_command_line
  
 +
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
 +
```
 +
addr Display IP Addresses and property information
 +
(abbreviation of address)
 +
ip addr
 +
Show information for all addresses
 +
ip addr show dev eth0
 +
Display information only for device em1
 +
link Manage and display the state of all network
 +
interfaces
 +
ip link
 +
Show information for all interfaces
 +
ip link show dev eth0
 +
Display information only for device em1
 +
ip -s link
 +
Display interface statistics
 +
route Display and alter the routing table
 +
ip route
 +
List all of the route entries in the kernel
 +
maddr Manage and display multicast IP addresses
 +
ip maddr
 +
Display multicast information for all devices
 +
ip maddr show dev eth0
 +
Display multicast information for device em1
 +
neigh Show neighbour objects; also known as the ARP
 +
table for IPv4
 +
ip neigh
 +
Display neighbour objects
 +
ip neigh show dev eth0
 +
Show the ARP cache for device eth0
 +
help Display a list of commands and arguments for
 +
each subcommand
 +
ip help
 +
Display ip commands and arguments
 +
ip addr help
 +
Display address commands and arguments
 +
ip link help
 +
Display link commands and arguments
 +
ip neigh help
 +
Display neighbour commands and arguments
 +
```
 +
 +
MULTICAST ADDRESSING
 +
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
 +
```
 +
maddr add Add a static link-layer multicast address
 +
ip maddr add 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0
 +
Add mutlicast address 33:33:00:00:00:01 to eth0
 +
maddr del Delete a multicast address
 +
ip maddr del 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0
 +
Delete address 33:33:00:00:00:01 from eth0
 +
```
 +
 +
MODIFYING ADDRESS AND LINK PROPERTIES
 +
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
 +
```
 +
addr add Add an address
 +
ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
 +
Add address 192.168.1.1 with netmask 24 to device eth0
 +
addr del Delete an address
 +
ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
 +
Remove address 192.168.1.1/24 from device eth0
 +
link set Alter the status of the interface
 +
ip link set eth0 up
 +
Bring eth0 online
 +
ip link set eth0 down
 +
Bring eth0 offline
 +
ip link set eth0 mtu 9000
 +
Set the MTU on eth0 to 9000
 +
ip link set eth0 promisc on
 +
Enable promiscuous mode for eth0
 +
```
 +
 +
ADJUSTING AND VIEWING ROUTES
 +
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
 +
```
 +
route add Add an entry to the routing table
 +
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0
 +
Add a default route (for all addresses) via the local gateway
 +
192.168.1.1 that can be reached on device eth0
 +
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
 +
Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1
 +
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
 +
Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 that can be reached on
 +
device eth0
 +
route delete Delete a routing table entry
 +
ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
 +
Delete the route for 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at
 +
192.168.1.1
 +
route replace Replace, or add if not defined, a route
 +
ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
 +
Replace the defined route for 192.168.1.0/24 to use
 +
device eth0
 +
route get Display the route an address will take
 +
ip route get 192.168.1.5
 +
Display the route taken for IP 192.168.1.5
 +
```
 +
 +
MANAGING THE ARP TABLE
 +
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
 +
```
 +
neigh add Add an entry to the ARP Table
 +
ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0
 +
Add address 192.168.1.1 with MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 to eth0
 +
neigh del Invalidate an entry
 +
ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth0
 +
Invalidate the entry for 192.168.1.1 on eth0
 +
neigh replace Replace, or adds if not defined, an entry to the ARP table
 +
ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0
 +
Replace the entry for address 192.168.1.1 to use MAC
 +
1:2:3:4:5:6 on em1
 +
```
 +
 +
COMPARING NET-TOOLS VS. IPROUTE PACKAGE COMMANDS
 +
NET-TOOLS COMMANDS IPROUTE COMMANDS
 +
```
 +
arp -a ip neigh
 +
arp -v ip -s neigh
 +
arp -s 192.168.1.1 1:2:3:4:5:6 ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth1
 +
arp -i eth1 -d 192.168.1.1 ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth1
 +
ifconfig -a ip addr
 +
ifconfig eth0 down ip link set eth0 down
 +
ifconfig eth0 up ip link set eth0 up
 +
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
 +
ifconfig eth0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
 +
ifconfig eth0 mtu 9000 ip link set eth0 mtu 9000
 +
ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.2 ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev eth0
 +
netstat ss
 +
netstat -neopa ss -neopa
 +
netstat -g ip maddr
 +
route ip route
 +
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
 +
route add default gw 192.168.1.1 ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
 +
12/14
 +
Copyright © 2014 Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, and JBoss are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc.,
 +
registered in the U.S. and other countries. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.
 +
```
 +
 +
USEFUL NETWORKING COMMANDS (NOT NECESSARILY PROVIDED FROM IPROUTE)
 +
SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS
 +
```
 +
arping Send ARP request to a neighbour host
 +
arping -I eth0 192.168.1.1
 +
Send ARP request to 192.168.1.1 via interface eth0
 +
arping -D -I eth0 192.168.1.1
 +
Check for duplicate MAC addresses at 192.168.1.1 on eth0
 +
ethtool Query or control network driver and hardware settings
 +
ethtool -g eth0
 +
Display ring buffer for eth0
 +
ethtool -i eth0
 +
Display driver information for eth0
 +
ethtool -p eth0
 +
Identify eth0 by sight, typically by causing LEDs to blink on the network port
 +
ethtool -S eth0
 +
Display network and driver statistics for eth0
 +
ss Display socket statistics. The below options can be combined
 +
ss -a
 +
Show all sockets (listening and non-listening)
 +
ss -e
 +
Show detailed socket information
 +
ss -o
 +
Show timer information
 +
ss -n
 +
Do not resolve addresses
 +
ss -p
 +
Show process using the socket
 +
```
  
  

Latest revision as of 04:23, 22 March 2020

iproute2 and other ip resources on linux

Sites

SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS 

addr Display IP Addresses and property information
(abbreviation of address)
ip addr
Show information for all addresses
ip addr show dev eth0
Display information only for device em1
link Manage and display the state of all network
interfaces
ip link
Show information for all interfaces
ip link show dev eth0
Display information only for device em1
ip -s link
Display interface statistics
route Display and alter the routing table
ip route
List all of the route entries in the kernel
maddr Manage and display multicast IP addresses
ip maddr
Display multicast information for all devices
ip maddr show dev eth0
Display multicast information for device em1
neigh Show neighbour objects; also known as the ARP
table for IPv4
ip neigh
Display neighbour objects
ip neigh show dev eth0
Show the ARP cache for device eth0
help Display a list of commands and arguments for
each subcommand
ip help
Display ip commands and arguments
ip addr help
Display address commands and arguments
ip link help
Display link commands and arguments
ip neigh help
Display neighbour commands and arguments

MULTICAST ADDRESSING SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS 

maddr add Add a static link-layer multicast address
ip maddr add 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0
Add mutlicast address 33:33:00:00:00:01 to eth0
maddr del Delete a multicast address
ip maddr del 33:33:00:00:00:01 dev eth0
Delete address 33:33:00:00:00:01 from eth0

MODIFYING ADDRESS AND LINK PROPERTIES SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS 

addr add Add an address
ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
Add address 192.168.1.1 with netmask 24 to device eth0
addr del Delete an address
ip addr del 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
Remove address 192.168.1.1/24 from device eth0
link set Alter the status of the interface
ip link set eth0 up
Bring eth0 online
ip link set eth0 down
Bring eth0 offline
ip link set eth0 mtu 9000
Set the MTU on eth0 to 9000
ip link set eth0 promisc on
Enable promiscuous mode for eth0

ADJUSTING AND VIEWING ROUTES SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS 

route add Add an entry to the routing table
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0
Add a default route (for all addresses) via the local gateway
192.168.1.1 that can be reached on device eth0
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at 192.168.1.1
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
Add a route to 192.168.1.0/24 that can be reached on
device eth0
route delete Delete a routing table entry
ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1
Delete the route for 192.168.1.0/24 via the gateway at
192.168.1.1
route replace Replace, or add if not defined, a route
ip route replace 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
Replace the defined route for 192.168.1.0/24 to use
device eth0
route get Display the route an address will take
ip route get 192.168.1.5
Display the route taken for IP 192.168.1.5

MANAGING THE ARP TABLE SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS 

neigh add Add an entry to the ARP Table
ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0
Add address 192.168.1.1 with MAC 1:2:3:4:5:6 to eth0
neigh del Invalidate an entry
ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth0
Invalidate the entry for 192.168.1.1 on eth0
neigh replace Replace, or adds if not defined, an entry to the ARP table
ip neigh replace 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth0
Replace the entry for address 192.168.1.1 to use MAC
1:2:3:4:5:6 on em1

COMPARING NET-TOOLS VS. IPROUTE PACKAGE COMMANDS NET-TOOLS COMMANDS IPROUTE COMMANDS 

arp -a ip neigh
arp -v ip -s neigh
arp -s 192.168.1.1 1:2:3:4:5:6 ip neigh add 192.168.1.1 lladdr 1:2:3:4:5:6 dev eth1
arp -i eth1 -d 192.168.1.1 ip neigh del 192.168.1.1 dev eth1
ifconfig -a ip addr
ifconfig eth0 down ip link set eth0 down
ifconfig eth0 up ip link set eth0 up
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
ifconfig eth0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth0
ifconfig eth0 mtu 9000 ip link set eth0 mtu 9000
ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.2 ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev eth0
netstat ss
netstat -neopa ss -neopa
netstat -g ip maddr
route ip route
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0 ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
route add default gw 192.168.1.1 ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
12/14
Copyright © 2014 Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, and JBoss are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc.,
registered in the U.S. and other countries. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.

USEFUL NETWORKING COMMANDS (NOT NECESSARILY PROVIDED FROM IPROUTE) SUBCOMMAND DESCRIPTIONS AND TASKS 

arping Send ARP request to a neighbour host
arping -I eth0 192.168.1.1
Send ARP request to 192.168.1.1 via interface eth0
arping -D -I eth0 192.168.1.1
Check for duplicate MAC addresses at 192.168.1.1 on eth0
ethtool Query or control network driver and hardware settings
ethtool -g eth0
Display ring buffer for eth0
ethtool -i eth0
Display driver information for eth0
ethtool -p eth0
Identify eth0 by sight, typically by causing LEDs to blink on the network port
ethtool -S eth0
Display network and driver statistics for eth0
ss Display socket statistics. The below options can be combined
ss -a
Show all sockets (listening and non-listening)
ss -e
Show detailed socket information
ss -o
Show timer information
ss -n
Do not resolve addresses
ss -p
Show process using the socket

change portchannel 2 settings to 802.1q

conf t int port-chan 2 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 101-104 switchport mode trunk end Here you can manually add it without downtime or you can make it permanent and restart networking

ip link add name bond1.101 link bond1 type vlan id 101 ip addr add 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set dev bond1.101 up Make it permanent on network restart

auto bond1.101

iface bond1.101 inet manual

iface bond1.101 inet static 

    address 10.1.1.11
    netmask 255.255.255.0
       vlan_raw_device bond0

systemctl restart networking

ip route add 10.0.0.0/16 via 10.0.1.1 dev bond0

ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 10.1.1.1 dev bond1.101

manual

ip link add name bond1.101 link bond1 type vlan id 101 ip addr add 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set dev bond1.101 up

down

ip link del name bond1.101 link bond1 type vlan id 101

ip link del dev bond1.101 ip addr del 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set dev bond1.101 down

vconfig add bond1 101 ip addr add 10.1.1.11/24 dev bond1.101 ip link set up bond1.101

DEVICE=eth1.10 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.10.1 PREFIX=24 NETWORK=192.168.10.0 VLAN=yes

systemctl restart network

cat /proc/net/vlan/config

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